UPDATE : 2024-03-29 16:04 (금)
BIMCO “中 원유수입 증가로 VLCC 45척 추가 필요”
BIMCO “中 원유수입 증가로 VLCC 45척 추가 필요”
  • 해사신문
  • 승인 2017.11.05 05:17
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중국의 원유 수입증가로 초대형원유운반선(VLCC) 45척 이상이 추가로 필요하다는 BIMCO의 분석 보고서가 지난 31일 나왔다.

다음은 BIMCO가 발표한 분석보고서 원문 전문.

Chinese crude oil demand needs 45 additional VLCC’s to support growth

In 2019, global oil demand is forecast to pass the symbolic 100 million barrels per day threshold (International Energy Agency). Developing countries account for almost all of the growth and Asia dominate.

BIMCO stated in its forecast for 2017, that the tanker demand growth for 2017 is expected to come predominantly from the greater Asia region, led by China. China has met expectations by ramping up its import of seaborne crude oil by 13% for the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period last year. As China is importing crude oil from further afield in 2017 than in 2016, the tonne miles generated has surged 18%.

This increase in volume amounts to an additional demand of 33 million tonnes of crude oil, equivalent to more than 0.9 million barrels per day on average during the first three quarters of 2017. Thereby, China’s increasing demand is directly affecting the crude oil tanker shipping industry by requiring 45 more VLCC’s to support the growth in demand for crude oil so far for 2017.

BIMCO’s Chief Shipping Analyst Peter Sand comments: “China’s longer sailing distances for crude oil imports are more than welcomed by the tanker shipping industry, but the market is already awash with tonnage and therefore supply still outstrips demand.

As we move into the November – January period, better rates will come around, as this is historically the peak season for oil tankers. BIMCO doesn’t however, expect the same rates as last peak season, as the fundamentals have weakened”.

◆Angola takes the lead, US in top 10 and Russia doesn’t only use pipelines

The longer sailing distances for crude oil imports are evident when ranking 2017 against prior years. The countries exporting larger amounts in 2017 than 2016 and 2015 are most notably Angola, Brazil, Venezuela, United Kingdom, Republic of Congo and United States (US). All countries with a longer sailing distance to Chinese ports than their Middle Eastern partners who are encountering declining significance.

After being second in 2016 and 2015, Angola has surpassed Saudi Arabia in 2017 in terms of volume. This will most likely also be the case by the end of 2017 as Saudi Arabia historically exports the largest amount of crude oil to China in the first half of the year. In terms of tonne miles, Angola has been the country generating the largest amount for the past three years and has further established itself as the most dominant partner in 2017.

It is positive to note the rising export from the US in particular after not exporting anything to China in 2016 and 2015. As US crude oil to China is exported over long distances from the East and Gulf Coast, it is more significant for the crude oil tanker shipping industry than e.g. Russia, due to the high tonne miles generated. In raw volumes, Russia has exported almost five times more crude oil via the sea than the US during the first nine months of 2017 but generated 60% less tonne miles than the US.

The increase in Russian exports to China is coming more from shipping than pipelines. In 2015, Russia exported 40% of all its crude oil to China via the sea. This has increased to 51% so far for 2017, though the benefit for the crude oil tanker shipping industry remains limited due to the short sailing distances.

According to BIMCO calculations, average distance per tonne of crude oil imported by China was around 7,200 nautical miles in 2015, 7,100 nautical miles in 2016 and 7,500 nautical miles in 2017. The increase of 400 nautical miles per tonne is of great benefit for the crude oil shipping industry as tonnage is tied up for a longer period.

◆China’s export of refined oil products is surging

China’s export of refined oil products has surged by 8% in the first three quarters of 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. This may indicate, together with ongoing refinery expansion, that China is not only importing crude oil for domestic consumption.

Countries importing Chinese refined oil products are based close by geographically, mostly within East Asia with the top importers being Singapore, Hong Kong, Philippines and Malaysia. Due to the short sailing distances, the Chinese export of refined oil products does not generate high tonne miles, however, some of the oil products may be traded on to other destinations.

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